Embryogenic Callus Induction of Todolo Toraja Coffee Leaf Cells (Coffea arabica Var. Typica) with the Addition of 2, 4-DichlorophenoxyaceticAcid (2, 4-D) and Furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin) in Vitro

Abstract

Abstract Somatic embryogenesis is a way to produce large numbers of seeds according to the parent, so it is very profitable in the effort to conserve Arabica coffee, which has reduced number of trees and is not productive. This study uses Todolo arabica coffee (Coffea arabica Var. Typica) which is the oldest commercial coffee found in Toraja, South Sulawesi and is threatened with extinction. This study aims to obtain the best composition in administering zpt 2,4-D and kinetin in forming embryogenic callus from explants of arabica coffee leaves. This research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University. The experimental range used was a completely randomized design with 2 factorials, namely the concentration of 2,4-D 1 ppm, 2 ppm, and 3 ppm and kinetin concentration of 0.1 ppm, 0.5 ppm and 1.0 ppm so that there were 9 treatments with 3 replications. The parameters observed were callus formation time, callus structure, and callus color. The results showed that the fastest time for callus appearance was 17.00 HSK with 1 ppm 2,4-D and 0.5 ppm kinetin. The callus texture formed is a crumb-textured callus with several color variations that are formed.