The Effect of Adding Organic Matter on the Efficiency of Salts Leaching in the Soil Affected by Salinity

Abstract

Abstract A field experiment was implemented at the Agricultural Research Station / college of Agriculture / Basra University, Karma Ali, during the year 2021 to study the effect of adding organic matter in the efficiency of salts leaching in the soil affected by salinity using three types of organic residuses (cows, rice, and miaze ) and two levels From the addition (2 % and 4 %), where the leaching process took in five stages, and laboratory measurements were performed in soil models taken for two depths 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm. The land plowed and was blessed, then the residule was added to mix to the soil with the surface layer. Soil measurements were taken after each stage of leaching, and the bulk density of the soil was measured after the end of the experiment, The measurements included: the electrical conducyivity of the soil solution, the concentration of dissolved sodium and dissolved chlorine in the soil solution and the bulk density. The results of the study showed that adding organic residule led to reducing electrical conductivity, the concentration of dissolved sodium, the concentration of dissolved chloride and the bulk density, and the decrease was more clear ’in cows treatment, as the fifth leaching stagewere more significant in reducing electrical conducctivity and the concentration of dissolved sodium and chloride in the soil solution and the bulk density of the soil, The concentration also significant 4% on the concentration 2% in reducing electrical conducyivity, sodium concentration and dissolved chlorine in the soil solution and the bulk density of the soil.