Influence of Water Treatment Plants on the Ecological Situation in Industrialized Regions

Abstract

Abstract The article investigates the most effective methods of water purification necessary for its application in power generating systems. The need for this is due to the need for water purification, bringing it to a quality state that allows it to be used in industry. The most effective modern method of purification is the method of using of ion-exchange resins, since water purified from the mineral elements contained in it (desalting) is mainly used. One of the effective methods of desalting, from an ecological and economic point of view, is ion exchange, based on the removal of inorganic substances, heavy metal ions and other substances from the water. The essence of this method is the ability, with the help of ion-exchange resins, to sorb unwanted elements and their compounds from water. This technology allows to achieve water quality which corresponds to standards (technical norms) in various spheres of consumption. The authors show the influence of various parameters on the efficiency of the ion exchange process in order to improve the quality of desalination and reduction of wastewater. The stages of desalination of process water are considered in order to determine the state of wastewater at different stages. Proposed alternatives is economically and environmentally beneficial solutions to problem with wastewater and analysed ways of regeneration, as well as advantages and disadvantages of switching from once-through regeneration in countercurrent. In the presented designs, when using filters with different regeneration options, positive characteristics of monodisperse resins necessary for water purification in accordance with the requirements of environmental standards are determined.