Seed-potatoes production using biotechnology methods under the conditions of East Kazakhstan

Abstract

Abstract The production of potato varieties for a long period of time largely contributes to a decrease in the initial productivity and quality indicators of potato tubers, this is the result of a progressive accumulation of viral, viroid, fungal and bacterial pathogens during plant reproduction. The system of virus-free seed production, based on the improvement of varieties and accelerated multiplication of the original seed material in conditions that exclude reinfection, successfully solves many problems of potato seed production. Biotechnological methods play a key role in this process. Micropropagation method allows for the rapid propagation of healthy seed material. We in 2016-2019. Investigations were carried out to obtain seed material of potato varieties of different ripeness groups using the in vitro method in the conditions of East Kazakhstan. After analyzing the conditions for the selection of seed production schemes, data on soil and climatic conditions, phytopathogenic conditions in the zone of potato production, we have selected a four-year seed production scheme in the methodology of original and elite seed production introduced in Ulan Zhemis LLP. Adaptation to production conditions was carried out in 2018-2019. All varieties by the method of accelerated in vitro reproduction were cloned by microcutting in four repetitions in the offspring in the laboratory of plant biology and biotechnology of the V. S. Amanzholova. All tested varieties, cut and adapted to soil and climatic conditions, were planted in a closed area from May 15 to June 1. As a result, the most productive varieties using the in vitro method were identified: Gulliver (Russia), Juvel (Germany), Colomba (Holland), Queen Anna (Germany), Rodrigo (Germany), Riviera (Holland), Darenka (Russia), Luck (Russia), Artemis (Holland), Red Lady (Germany).