Vibration Effects on Soil Slope Detected by using Arduino System

Abstract

Slope failure is a phenomenon occurs when a slope rupture due to several factors and often happen in many countries including our country, Malaysia. These factors lead to slope failure which are underground movement due to vibration, erosion, soil characteristics, heavy rainfall, and others. Thus, monitoring process is important to conduct at risky slope. The purpose of this study is to develop a system that can monitor the slope before a failure can happen using an Internet of Things (IoT), Arduino programming. The process involved by developing a vibration effect using the mini-shaking table and sensors (accelerometer, tilt) will use by incorporating it with Arduino UNO kit. The slope of physical model was prepared in lab scale by using the soil sample collected at specific slope at varsity area. Basically, the whole works were covered a lab-based experiment and slope simulation when different vibration of the force was applied on the slope, the Arduino sensor will detect the value due to induced vibration. The created force causes movement of slope which will detected by accelerometer applied and the acceleration values will be recorded using Arduino kit. Based on the graph of acceleration against time, the values of acceleration will be analysed. Particle size distribution of soil sample results shown that the soil consists more fine particles which is 54% and low silt (ML) also agreeable by plasticity index chart. The optimum water content and maximum dry density for the soil sample are 13.35% and 16.95 g/cm3. The strength parameters indicated a cohesion value, c is 18.9 kPa and internal friction angle, ϕ is 32.3°. From physical model observations, it is shown that when the vibration force is applied with certain voltage, the slope tends to fail and there is significant reading was recorded. It can be summarized that the response of the soil is dependent on the type of soil, as well as the amplitude of the vibration.