A review on the floating net cage waste management for the sustainability of Cirata Reservoir service life

Abstract

Abstract The number of Floating Net Cages (FNC) in Cirata reservoir has exploded four times more than allowed. It makes water quality problem severe because 22.260 tons/month of stools and excessive feeding threaten the benefits, functions, and service life of the reservoir. This is a review paper to explore FNC waste management methods, the potential of integrated FNC management, and the implementation strategies. Twenty-eight articles published between 2015 and 2019 abaout aquaculture technology have been discussed to improve understanding of FNC waste management. Several solutions have been recommended based on an integrated management approach. Technical ideas are proposed for water control and in situ treatment management. Management of water control reduces the concentration of pollutants by increasing water destratification. The IFCAS (Integrated Floating Cage Aquageoponics System) - PFF (Precision Fish Farming) - IMTA (Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture) concept is an effort to manage FNC using both approaches. The IFCAS-IMTA concept can reduce the main concept of waste by creating the nitrification and assimilation of phosphate. The concept of PFF can improve the capacity of farmers in water quality detection and monitoring. The manager needs to modify aquaculture techniques in water and nutrition, feeding formulations, technological innovations, and the inclusiveness of scientific-based management. Management must involve FNC farmers, research and development institutions, Cirata authorities, Fisheries and Marine Service of West Java Province, and investors.