Impact of Planting Date and Physiological Activator (Appetizer) Application on Quality and Quantity of Wheat Grains (Triticum aestivum.L)

Abstract

Abstract A field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2022-2021 in the field experiments field of the College of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University in the south of Babylon province, located at latitude 32.40 north and longitude 44.39 east. In order to study the effect of planting date and stages of spraying with the physiological stimulant Appetizer on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)), the experiment was conducted by arranging the split plots according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The planting dates included the main plot T1, a suitable first date on 15/11 and T2 a second late date on 15/12, while the subplot included spraying with the physiological stimulant (Appetizer) according to the stages of wheat growth within the Zadoks classification, which was given the symbols (A0 without spraying and A1 stage, The results showed that the date of 11/15 was significantly superior to the studied traits, where the number of spikelets in spike was 20.1 spikelets. spike -1 The number of grains in the spike is 43.6 grain. spike -1 The number of spikes is 364. The weight of 1000 grains is 36.26 g, and the grain yield is 3.84 tons. ha1-. The biological yield is 11.25 tons. ha-1 and the carbohydrate content is 73.29%, while the date of 15/12 is significantly excelled on trait of the protein content, as the average was 9.43% As for the phases of spraying with the physiological activator (Appetizer), they were significantly excelled at the elongation and booting stage in the studied traits, including the number of spikes of 20.6 spikes. Plant-1 The number of grains is 48.9 grains. spikes -1 and the weight of 1000 grains is 40.7 g. The grain yield is 4.17 tons. hectare 1- and a biological yield of 11.01 tons. ha -1 The protein content is 9.56% and the carbohydrate content is 77.03%. As for the number of spikes, the number of spikes was significantly excelled at the tillering stage g and elongation, where their average values reached 368 spikes.m2. As for the interaction between planting dates and the phases of spraying with the physiological activator (Appetizer) it was significant in all the studied traits, the interaction between the date of 15/11 and the stages of spraying with the physiological activator at the elongation and end stage gave the highest average number of spikelets in the spike of 20.8 spikelets. spike -1 The number of grains in the spike is 52.7 grains. spike 1- and the weight of 1000 grains is 42.42 g. The grain yield is 4.66 tons. ha-1 has a biological yield of 11.46 tons. ha-1 and the carbohydrate content is 77.76%. As for the number of spikes, the interaction was significant between the date of 15/11 and the spraying phase when treating the tillering and elongation, as the average was 381 spikes. It reached 9.65%.