A comprehensive analysis of hydrogen fuel cell integration in fishing vessels

Abstract

Abstract HHO gas is a fuel supplement produced through the electrolysis process of water in an HHO generator, where HHO gas falls under the category of alternative energy and is classified as a new energy source. The fundamental principle of internal combustion engines is generally to convert the chemical energy of liquid fuel into mechanical energy. The production of hydrogen through the electrolysis process is continuously evolving to facilitate the use of environmentally friendly fuels, with potential impacts on engine performance and exhaust gas emissions. This study examines the effect of adding HHO gas to electronic fuel injection (EFI) type-L gasoline engines on exhaust gas emissions and fuel consumption. It has been proven that the addition of HHO gas to the combustion process of gasoline engines, particularly EFI type-D, results in reduced emission levels (CO by 15.31% and HC by 16.27%). Moreover, the introduction of 0.1 Mol of HHO gas into EFI type-L engines through the air filter leads to a significant impact on exhaust gas emissions and a 2.8% increase in fuel consumption compared to not using HHO gas. This could be attributed to the distinct characteristics of EFI systems compared to conventional engines, as they are not accustomed to fuel supplements being injected into the engine.