The use of non-traditional legumes in the production of high-protein feed on irrigation

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the results of research on the perennial legumes various types modern varieties attracting and adapting to the conditions of the Lower Volga region. The experiments were carried out on irrigated light chestnut soils. The completeness of the studied grasses seedlings was at the level of the traditional culture of purple hybrid alfalfa or slightly lower than its indicators. The creation of optimal growing conditions contributed to the formation of the maximum assimilation surface on the grasses sowing. In the second year of life, the leaf area by crops varied from 43 - 45 to 57 - 62 thousand m2/ha. The highest indices were in alfalfa and blue hybrid alfalfa and meadow clover. On these crops, the yield of green mass was formed at the level of 75 - 88, on the crops of birdsfoot trefoil and creeping crown vetch it was 62 - 65 t/ha. The qualitative indicators of the biomass of the studied legumes corresponded to the high requirements for the assessment of feed. The content of feed units in a kilogram of dry matter was 0.62 - 0.68, digestible protein - 120 - 171, and metabolizable energy - 9.7 - 10.3 MJ. Leguminous herbs improve soil fertility due to the nutrients contained in the accumulated root mass. After three years of use, from 142 to 240 kg of nitrogen, 60 to 90 kg of phosphorus and 80 to 145 kg of potassium enter the soil along with the organic matter.