Development of the Express Method for Controlling Uranium Compounds in Natural Waters in Emergency Situations on Floating Nuclear Thermal Power Plants

Abstract

Abstract The urgency ofdeveloping an express method for controlling uranium compounds in natural waters is established. Methods for determining uranium in environmental objects are considered and the inability touse them for express controlling of natural waters directly at the site of an accident is emphasized. The analysis of literature sources indicating the presence of associated states in water has been carried out. It is pointed out that in the presence of variable valence metals in aqueous solutions, conditions arise for phase reconstruction in associated states of water, where there is a local change in the dielectric and chemical parameters accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species. At the same time, the analysis of known methods of photochemical, radiation-chemical and catalyticgeneration of oxygen radical forms shows their endothermic character, and the reaction of direct oxidation of water is extremely difficult because of the high energy barrier and high activation energy of this reaction. The task for carrying out a research to develop an express method for controlling uranyls in water is outlined.