Applications of Natural Rooting Inducer and Immersion Time on Root Growth of Chrysanthemum Shoot Cuttings

Abstract

Abstract Chrysanthemum is a cut ornamental plant whose production in Indonesia in 2021 occupies the highest position namely 344 million compared to other ornamental plants. Production of chrysanthemum seedlings using the shoot cuttings method requires growth regulators to support the rooting process. It is necessary to use natural growth regulators which are cheaper and easier to obtain to encourage cutting root growth. This study aims to determine the appropriate natural root induction substances and immersion time for root induction of shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum morifolium sp. This research was conducted at Kulon Progo Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study was conducted using a single-factor experimental method and arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications and 5 samples for each replication. The treatments tested were 80% shallot extract, 100% coconut water, and 100% rice water with an immersion time of 5, 15, and 25 minutes respectively, and commercial rooting induction substances-Rootone F® which was applied and left for 5, 15 and 15 minutes. Parameters observed were the percentage of viable cuttings, plant height increase, the number of leaves increased, percentage of rooted cuttings, number of roots, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, and root dry weight. Observations were analysed using analysis of variance at the α level of 5%. If there is a significant difference between the treatments tested, then a further test is carried out using Duncan‘s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that 80% shallot extract with 15 minutes of immersion could replace the use of Rootone-F® and showed the best relative results on the parameters of the number of roots, root fresh weight, and root dry weight of Chrysanthemum morifolium cuttings.