Scientific analysis of diagnostics of heating of solar panels and methods of their cooling

Abstract

Abstract Today, the share of using alternative energy sources has become possible thanks to the study of the potential of a particular geographic area. In many countries, solar and wind energy have become a promising source. The study of a solar energy potential in the conditions of Turkmenistan showed that the potential of a solar radiation throughout the entire territory reaches 700-800 W/m2, and this is a great opportunity to use a solar energy. In the work, an experimental and theoretical study of the efficiency of the solar panel water cooling system in the hot climate of Turkmenistan was carried out. Since the climate of Turkmenistan is sharply continental, in summer the ambient temperature exceeds +40 °C. As a result of the research, the authors found that with an increase in the ambient temperature, the surface temperature of the solar panels also increases, which as a result leads to a decrease in its performance by 20-25%. The developed solution made it possible to reduce the surface temperature of solar panels in the hot climatic conditions of Turkmenistan and increase the current at 1200 hours of the day by 25%, at 1300 by 62%, at 1400 by 58% and at 1500 by 33.3%, to increase power by 19%, 42%, 38%, 18%, respectively, while 2.8, 3.3, 3.9, 5.4, 5.4, 4.9, and 3.2 kW of thermal energy were taken.