Advances in configuration and genetics of crops for efficient use of water and nutrients in soil

Abstract

Abstract As an important organ of plants, root play an important role in crop growth and development by absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. Studies on crop root systems, morphological traits, and genetic improvement of physiological functions are important in the establishment of root morphology and efficient use of water and nutrients. This paper mainly introduces the phenotypic and genetic breeding research on the efficient use of soil water and nutrients in important crops such as corn, rice, wheat, and rape. It also discusses the QTL markers and functional genes related to morphological and physiological functions and its applications in genetic improvement. Through design breeding, combined with high-throughput and high-precision root-scanning technology, screening and obtaining the ideal root structure with efficient use of soil water and nutrients, combined with techniques such as resequencing of genomes and analytical methods, the roots are selected for breeding. Crop varieties with better configuration, better quality and better yield have important promotion significance.