Cumulative energy and cost demand analysis in the synthesis of antistatic bionanocomposites compared with the synthesis of polypropylene

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to find the cumulative energy demand (CED) and the cumulative cost demand (CCD) in the synthesis of antistatic bionanocomposites (AS BNC) compared with the synthesis of polypropylene (PP). The CED was identified using SimaPro 9.1.1 software, and the CCD was identified using the material and energy flow analysis (MEFA) method. The analysis results show that the CED required per kg mass of AS BNC pellets was 87.80 MJ, which is lower than the CED required per kg mass of PP pellets (91.19 MJ). This shows that the use of 94.38% of PP, 2% of M-DAG, 2.5% of CNC, 1% of MAPP, 0.02% of MO, 0.03% of AO 1010, and 0.07% of AO 168 in the synthesis of AS BNC can reduction the CED required, with a percentage of CED reduced was 3.71%. The CCD required per kg mass of AS BNC pellets was 68,314.54 IDR, which is higher than the CCD required per kg mass of PP pellets (25,577.27 IDR). The efficiency of energy and natural resources use are necessary to decrease the CED and CCD per kg mass of AS BNC pellets.