Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticle using Lactobacillus sp. a literature review

Abstract

Abstract A critical aspect of the development of nanoparticles as a photocatalyst is the method that can be realized by physical, chemical, or biological processes or their combinations. The synthesis of nanoparticles with biological methods using a green bio-chemical approach is often referred to as a green synthesis that is carried out by utilizing various sources of plants or plant waste, algae, enzymes, or microorganisms as bioreductants. This study aims to review recent literature on TiO2 nanoparticles synthesis as photocatalyst using Lactobacillus sp. The review results show that the success of the synthesis of nanoparticles is mainly influenced by the characteristics of the bioreductant used, the concentration of metal ions in the solution, and the temperature applied during the synthesis. Lactobacillus sp was identified as a prospective bioreductant because of its ability to adapt to a wider variety of incubation conditions and produce enzymes that can form TiO2 nanoparticles with superior characteristics. The factors to be studied further include the optimum concentration of the metal ions and the optimum temperature of the process. The green TiO2 nanoparticles depend on the factors that need to be characterized and proved as a photocatalyst in advanced wastewater treatment for its recycling.