What Should We Do with the Oil Palm Solid Waste?

Abstract

Abstract The valorisation of oil palm solid wastes is always a fascinating subject. The palm oil industries produce millions of tons of these high lignocellulose materials in empty fruit bunch, palm kernel shells, fronds, and others. The technological considerations are always based on selecting the best pretreatment methods, fermentation, and chemical processing technologies. Nevertheless, the selected method faces multiple concerns, such as practical, environmental, and economic ones. For example, can we get highly value-added products from these resistant materials without compromising the environment? This mini-review paper discusses various alternatives for solid waste treatment of solid waste to produce high-added-value materials by collecting the previous study from other publications. The development of oil palm biomass biorefinery is expected to increase the sustainability and profitability of the palm oil industry. Further research related to combined technology, economic assessment, and life cycle analysis is required to show the feasibility of the available technology.