The architectural transformation of historic mosques in Javanese rural settlements

Abstract

Abstract The formation of traditional Javanese villages often began with the establishment of a center for activity, generally a traditional mosque. Currently, several historic mosques in rural areas have survived with various changes. This study aims to explore the trends in the transformation of mosques. The research focuses on the area around Jatinom Village, Klaten, which is famous for its Islamic and Javanese culture. It assesses five historic mosques in the villages of Jatinom, Kadirejo, and Belangwetan. The research adopts a comparative case study method using observations, literature review, and interviews. The results show that (1) the mosques have changed from its traditional form; (2) four elements remain the same: the 2-3-tiered roof shape, the soko guru structure, the mihrab, and the main three doors in the front façade; and (3) two elements mostly change: the façade and the terrace. Understanding this trend would help the community to anticipate in preserving the historic mosques.