Comparative evaluation of seed productivity rapeseed (brassica napus), camelina (camelina sativa) and white mustard (sinapis alba) in conditions forest-steppe zone of Prebaikalia

Abstract

Abstract The aim of the research was to study the characteristics of growth and development; determination of seed productivity of camelina of the Chulymsky variety and mustard of the white Rainbow variety in comparison with the widely cultivated crop in the Prebaikalia - rapeseed of the Ratnik variety. The studies were conducted in 2017-2019 at the experimental site of the Irkutsk State Agrarian University. The earliest flowering over the years was observed in the camelina on 39-43 days after emergence of seedlings, which was ahead of the onset of this phase in rapeseed by 12-13 days, white mustard entered the full bloom phase on 44-49 days, ahead of rapeseed by 7-8 days. The earliest ripening of seeds was noted, also in saffron milk and occurred during the years of research on August 10-15, 82-87 days after seedling formation; white mustard seeds ripened after 85-92 days, which was due on August 15-20, rape later ripened both camelina and mustard on August 23-27. The highest seed yield in all years of research was obtained from camelina and amounted to 1.39-1.62 t/ha; white mustard provided yields of 1,211.39 t/ha. Seed productivity of rape was inferior to the above crops and ranged from 0.93 to 1.22 t/ha over the years. The simultaneous ripening of spring oilseeds of the Brassicaceae family in the sequence camelina, white mustard and rapeseed will allow conveniently organizing the harvesting and processing of seed material.