Remediation technologies and risk assessment of soil contaminated with heavy metals

Abstract

Abstract Soil contaminated with heavy metals is an urgent issue worldwide because of its great influence on human health and the ecological environment. Therefore, the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil is more important, as well as the corresponding assessment methods. This review introduces the main sources of soil contamination with heavy metals, and the soil-remediation methods, and focuses on the risk assessment methods. Study shows that the major soil-remediation methods are phytoremediation and biological techniques. The risk assessment methods include ecological and human health risks, the aim of which is to understand the soil pollution degree and evaluate the availability of the soil.