Research on Development Status, Issues and Policy for Ecological Fishery of Large-scale Waters in China

Abstract

Abstract China is rich in fishery resources of large-scale water such as lakes, reservoirs, and river ditch, and large-scale fisheries play an important role in freshwater fisheries. Its area and output account for 46% and 15.42% of the national freshwater fisheries respectively. Both theory and practice show that large-scale fisheries have obviously multiple ecological, economic and social functions. In China, large-scale fisheries can be divided into five types that are industry convergence development, water ranch, environmental cage, reservoir water quality protection, repair ecology in lake. However, in recent years, the back-out of “seine, block, cage” with environmental storm has caused serious negative impacts. Compared with 2016, in 2018, the area of all kinds of large-scale ecological fisheries in the country has decreased by 11%-34%, and it faces social cognition bias, partial or individual short-term economic behavior, insufficient integration and other issues. Focusing on problems and combining the development goals of the new era of fisheries, drawing on typical successful experiences, four countermeasures including adhering to ecological priorities, increasing publicity, innovating institutional mechanisms, optimizing support policies, and building internal motivation are proposed to promote sustainable development of large-scale ecological fisheries.