Response of cellulose-decomposing activity of microorganisms and nutrients to long-term cultivation of durum wheat

Abstract

Abstract Determination of the main factors affecting the productivity of durum wheat is a prerequisite for studying the activity of soil microorganisms and the content of mobile forms of nutrients (NO3 −, P2O5, K2O) on the chernozems of the Cis-Ural region. The aim of the study is to detect the response of each studied factor separately to an increase in yield for different predecessors of crop rotations. Studies of these factors are conducted for the first time in the field and in the laboratory. In the research work the field, application, ionometric and Machigina methods of the experiment on durum wheat are used. Positive results for 19 years of observations are observed in the second variant of the experiment. They lead to an increase in the yield of durum wheat grain after black steam to 9.2 c from 1 ha. The dependence on the influence of the activity of microorganisms and the content of macronutrients of nutrition consists 51.62; 52.43; 35.27 and 36.80%. A decrease in the biological activity of the soil leads to a low yield level in the seventh variant of sowing, reaching up to 5.1 c per 1 ha, despite the response of nitrates 45.45%, mobile phosphorus 31.91 and exchangeable potassium 42.63%. The results of the study have a major importance in the field of soil science, farming and agriculture.