The principles of improving the technology of grain crop cultivation

Abstract

Abstract The article describes issues of improving technologies for the cultivation of major agricultural crops, technical re-equipment of agricultural production particular processes, proposes new technologies, high-production technical means, methods of completing energy-rich units and ways to increase the competitiveness of crop production. The article proposes the program for the material and technical re-equipment of winter wheat production in the Krasnodar Krai. The problems of harvesting grain crops with combine harvesters are considered and the new threshing scheme by the “unwinnowed grain” method with harvesters, made in Canada, is proposed. The issues of using different varieties of wheat in terms of maturation are considered in order to increase the sowing time and further harvesting periods and, hence, reduce the number of sowing and harvesting equipment. The technology has been developed for the cultivation of winter wheat using new harvesting equipment and new methods of sowing wheat of different ripening periods. The transition to the proposed technology of winter wheat cultivation and harvesting locally in one of the Krasnodar Krai regions will lead to significant annual savings in labor costs. With the strict implementation of the technology, in particular, the optimal sowing and harvesting timing, using the new technology, the fields will be completely free of weeds over several years.