Phytochemical compounds identification of three bajakah species (Salacia sp., Uncaria acida, and Uncaria gambir) using GC-MS pyrolysis

Abstract

Abstract Bajakah is a woody-liana known for traditional medicine by the Dayak and Banjar tribes in Central Kalimantan. Three bajakah, which were identified as Salacia sp., Uncaria acida, and Uncaria gambir, were collected from their natural habitats in peatland hydrological unit of Sebangau–Kahayan rivers. GC-MS pyrolysis was used to analyze the identity of phytochemical compounds in the wood and bark of bajakah. The results showed that phytochemical compounds were varied both in the woods and barks which ranges from 30 to 40 types, with the largest component is phenol. Seven phytochemical compounds were not identified. Phenolic compounds varied among 3-8 types. The next step was determining total flavonoid and phenol content using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Results showed that bark of Uncaria acida has the highest total phenol and flavonoid content, which were 0.013% and 0.028%, respectively. Wood of Salacia sp. has the lowest total phenolic and flavonoid content, which were 0.013% and 0.028%, respectively. The commercial bajakah that are usually sold in the market, which was unidentified, has medium total phenolic and flavonoid content, which are 0.010% and 0.025%, respectively. In summary, the composition and content of phytochemical compounds in bajakah were determined by the species.