Calculation model of depth under quantification of surface morphology of dry shrinkage cracks in red clay

Abstract

Abstract Cracks commonly form in clay owing to water loss, negatively affecting strength and hydraulic properties of soil, leading to rock and soil damage including landslides and dam instability. Understanding the changing patterns of the shrinkage crack depth is crucial for exploring slope infiltration patterns and determining key factors for slope stability. This study suggests a relationship between the surface and depth variations during cracking, and investigates the influence of the surface roughness on shrinkage cracks in saturated red clay. Regression analysis and machine learning algorithms were used to establish a depth prediction model. (1) Based on the surface morphology of shrinkage cracks, they are categorized into three types: linear, curved, and inflectional (linear and curved are the main types). (2) The surface roughness and development rate of surface cracks were positively correlated. (3) Based on the geometric parameters of the crack surface, a prediction model (error within 15%) for crack depth was established using multivariate nonlinear regression, providing a reference for the initial assessment of crack depth. These results provide a better understanding of the development patterns of shrinkage cracks, whose influence on slope stability is critical for mitigating the risks associated with slope instability and other soil failures.