Effect of Full and Rainfed Irrigation, Traditional and Nano NPK Fertilizers on The Productivity on Five Genotypes of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.)

Abstract

Abstract A field experiment was carried out during the winter agricultural season of 2022 and 2023 in the village of Al-Abbasiya, which is about 12 kilometers north of the center of the city of Mosul in northern Iraq, with the aim of studying the effect of two levels of irrigation (full and Rainfed irrigation) and two levels of fertilization (Traditional and nano-NPK fertilizer) on the yield and quality of five Genotypes of safflower (Gilla, MUJ-36, MUJ-38, MUJ-7, MUJ-2). The experiment was implemented according to the split split-block system and in a randomized Complete block design (R.C.B.D.) with three replications. The results showed that there were significant differences between the two irrigation treatments in all the studied traits, as full irrigation recorded the highest average number of discs per plant, disc diameter, number of seeds per disc, weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield, percentage of oil in seeds, and oil yield. The results showed that there were significant differences between the fertilization levels, with NPK nano fertilizer giving the highest averages. The genotypes recorded significant differences among themselves, and the Gilla formula gave the highest averages. The interaction between irrigation, fertilization, and genotypes was significant in all the studied traits. The highest seed and oil yields were obtained from the interaction of full irrigation with nano-fertilizer with the Gilla formula, with an average productivity of (403.19 and 38.61 g. m2) respectively.