Characteristics of Egg Production of Kampung Chickens, Red Kedu Chickens and Their Crossbred (Unsoed Chickens)

Abstract

Abstract Chickens are a species that has very high genetic diversity and were the first species used to study the inheritance of traits, to have a genome sequence and to be used for genetic research. Indonesia has a high genetic diversity of local chickens, including kampung and Kedu chickens. This research aims to characterize egg production of kampung chickens, Red Kedu chickens, and their crossbreed (Unsoed chickens). This research was carried out experimentally using 120 female kampung chickens, 120 Red Kedu chickens, and 160 kampung-Kedu crossbred chickens. Measurement of egg production characteristics was carried out at 24-36 weeks of age. Egg production characteristics consist of hen day production and quality of eggs. Data analysis used Systat version 13 software, comparison of egg production characteristics was analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed that the average egg production characteristics included hen day production, egg weight, shell weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, yolk color, specific gravity value, shell color, haugh unit (HU) value, egg index and shell thickness, in kampung chickens consecutive amounting to 36.79% eggs; 42.98 g; 5.98 g; 15.38 g; 24.99 g; 8.31; 1.11; 7.67; 87.31; 76.37% and 0.36 mm, in Red Kedu chickens 32.54%; 46.43 g; 6.40 g; 16.50 g; 25.43; 8.32; 1.09; 7.32; 83.56; 74.66% and 0.339 mm, and Unsoed chickens have a characteristic of 37.38%; 45.16 g; 6.03 g; 15.64 g; 24.85 g; 8.49; 1,11; 2.49; 85.59; 75.62% and 0.355 mm. The research concluded that Unsoed chickens (a crossing Red Kedu and kampung chickens) have higher egg production characteristics compared to their parents’ stock, with a heterosis effect on egg production. The egg quality of all chicken lines is relatively the same and is included in the AA category with a HU value of >72.