Eco-efficiency index of the recycling process of fuel husks into briquettes in Tofu SMEs using life cycle assessment

Abstract

Abstract The increasing demand for energy and the decreasing availability of fossil fuel reserves necessitate the exploration of alternative solutions. Biomass waste, particularly abundant in countries like Indonesia, presents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly energy alternative by reducing CO2 emissions. Transforming waste into a more valuable product is crucial, accompanied by an assessment of its ecological consequences. Nevertheless, the recycling procedure often still consumes materials and energy. Previous research on evaluating the environmental consequences of recycling organic waste into briquettes remains limited. This investigation is focused on analyzing the environmental effects of the recycling process for converting fuel husk waste into briquettes. The study was conducted using burnt husk waste generated from the energy production process through husk burning in tofu manufacturing.