Population and Genetic monitoring the Puccinia triticina to provide food safety of Russia

Abstract

Abstract For determine the virulence of P. triticina populations in 7 regions of Russia there were tested 564 isolates on 49 wheat lines possessed juvenile resistance to the pathogen. There were identified from 37 to 42 virulence genes in fungus populations from different regions. The similarities of P. triticina populations were found in the presence of virulence genes p1, p2c, p3a, p3bg, p3ka, p10, p14a, p14b, p17, p18, p21, p27+31, p30, p32, p33, p39, p40, pB, p22a and in the absence of genes p24, p29, p41, p42, p45, p47, p51, p53. The differences were recorded by the frequency of individual virulence genes in fungus populations, for example the genes p2a, p29, p38 weren’t identified in Middle Volga region, p22a – in Low Volga, p19, p28, p22a, p38 – in Volga-Vyatka , p36, p44 - in West Siberian. Leaf rust resistance genes were classified into 5 groups according to the degree of effectiveness. The resistance genes: Lr24, Lr29, Lr41, Lr42, Lr45, Lr47, Lr51, and Lr53 were assigned to the effective group, since the corresponding wheat lines were not affected by any of the studied P. triticina populations. Wheat lines or varieties with identical resistance genes can be recommended to breeders as sources of resistance against leaf rust.