Productivity of Pangi (Pangium edule Reinw.) and biodiversity of agroforestry systems at various altitudes in Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi

Abstract

Abstract There are two important things that farmers consider in selecting and developing plant species in their agroforestry system, namely productivity and suitability to the site. This study aims to determine the productivity of the pangi crop and the biodiversity of the agroforestry system at different altitudes. This research was conducted from June to November 2018 at three different altitudes, namely in Lembang Palesan (Rembon District) which represents an altitude of <600 m above sea level, Lembang Turunan (Sangalla District) which represents an altitude of 800-850 m above sea level, and Lembang Gasing (Mengkendek District) which represents an altitude of > 1000 m above sea level. The research method used is a survey method with the placement of sample plots by Purposive Sampling. The sample plot size is 20m x 50m or 0.1 ha. At each different altitude, 10 sample plots were made, so the number of sample plots was 30. The parameters measured were pangi fruit production, tree diameter and height and recorded all plant species in the sample plot. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and descriptively, while agroforestry system plant species diversity was identified using vegetation analysis methods. The results showed that the fruit production of the pangi plant, density, LBDS and diameter of the pangi tree were significantly different at each different altitude and the largest was at an altitude of 800-850 m above sea level, but the number of plant species and the diversity of plant species at each altitude were relatively the same in the medium category, as well as the density of all types of plants, and the average height of pangi trees were not significantly different at each different altitude. Thus, it is not recommended that pangi crop be developed at an altitude above 850 m above sea level.