Environmental impact on clinical and anthropometric indicators of patients with face injury in a state of acute traumatic stress

Abstract

Abstract The environment affects the health of a patient with a maxillofacial injury if it provokes acute traumatic stress and is a stressor, which leads to physiological adaptive reactions. Physiological reactions initiate the patient over the influence on chronically stressful physical and social environmental factors, e.g., because of alcohol consumption. Physiological reaction to acute traumatic stress can accumulate and lead to excessive influence on neurons, endocrine and immune mediators, leading to persistent negative patient health with facial trauma, affecting the hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex, sympathetic nervous and immune systems with subsequent consequences for the human peripheral system. Negative health consequences for a patient with a maxillofacial injury include: the influence of height, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which is associated with cardiovascular disease, stroke, loss of physical and cognitive functioning. Acute traumatic stress negatively affects chronic diseases by affecting the metabolic system, including high total cholesterol, high lipoprotein density, overweight, and elevated glucose levels. These metabolic parameters are associated with an increased risk of patient mortality, increased cardiovascular risk, and worsening of functions cognitive, namely, a decrease in memory, mental capacity for work, perceiving of information, processing, and analysis of information, memorizing, and keeping, which is the result of environmental influences. The aim is to investigate the relationship between the environment of the metropolis and the clinical and anthropometric parameters of patients with facial trauma in a state of acute traumatic stress. The authors considered the hypothesis that the relationship was mediated by acute traumatic stress and the patient’s state of health.