Modern state of the production organization of beef cattle breeding in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Abstract The paper presents the analysis of existing technologies, technological processes and technological equipment, as well as the state of the organization of production of beef breeding in Russia. The adoption of the program “Development of beef breeding in Russia” allowed significant expansion of the production of beef by raising specialized beef cattle not only for the southern and southeastern regions of our country, but also in the rest of Russia. Nowadays, the geography of beef breeding has expanded significantly: it is being actively implemented in six of the eight federal districts. Thus in 2018, 74 constituent entities of the Russian Federation were selected for priority support of livestock breeding. The authors note that the successful economic development of the industry is primarily determined by the engineering and technical level and the technical and economic base of agricultural production, as well as the power availability and the degree of mechanization of production processes in general. However, during the period of economic reforms in Russia, there was a sharp drop in the level of comprehensive mechanization of beef farms. Thus, today the provision of machinery and equipment in this industry does not exceed 65% of the standards. It is necessary to note that the problem with special-purpose machinery and equipment for industrial technologies of fattening beef is one of the reasons for the technical and technological backwardness of this industry. During the design, construction and operation of feeding enterprises, it is obligatory to carry out a technical and economic analysis of various options for industrial feeding of livestock, since modern realities require producers to solve many important issues, such as qualitative definition of territories for the production of beef cattle in the Russian Federation.