Assessment of breeding hybrid potatoes in irrigated conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

Abstract

Abstract The creation of varieties with a high potential productivity and adaptability applied to the environmental conditions of a particular climatic zone is the main goal for breeding programs. The purpose of this work is studying and identifying the most adaptable hybrid materials that are most adaptable to the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals for selection, combining high productivity, resistance to major diseases with the complex of economically valuable traits. The objects of research were breeding hybrids 10.76.32; 02.40.17; 01.2.50; 01.12.51; M07.48.19; 05.57.32 and 10.02.19 obtained in the potato breeding laboratory of the South Ural Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato. Assessment of the represented volume of samples was carried out according to the morphological characteristics of plants, productivity, marketability, starch content in potato tubers, culinary type, taste, resistance to pathogens (Erwinia carotovora atroseptica, Clavibacter michiganensis sepedonicus, Dickey pectobacterium atrosepticum, Phytophthora infestans, Streptomyces scabies, PVM, PVS, PVX, and PVY). The breeding hybrids under study significantly exceeded the variety - standard Nevsky - in terms of yield by 97-1182g per bush. The highest starch content was recorded in breeding hybrids: 02.40.17 (18.4%), M07.48.19 (18.2%), 0.1.2.50 (17.6%). In taste the highest tasting score received - M07.48.19, 02.40.17 (5 points), 05.57.32 (4.5 points), 10.02.19 (4.7 points). The culinary type assessment showed that to the salad type (preferably not fall apart) applies the selection hybrid 10.76.32. Over the years of research low susceptibility to the pathogens under consideration was possessed by the following hybrids: 01.12.51, M07.48.19 and 05.57.32.