The Effect of Potassium, Microelements and Cultivar on the Activity of Invertase and Cellulase Enzymes for the Fruits of Date Palm (phoenix dactylifera L) Grown in Thi-Qar

Abstract

Abstract The study was conducted during the growing season 2022 in one of the private orchards in Nasiriya district, the center of Thi-Qar governorate, with the aim of knowing the effect of spraying the fruits with potassium and microelements on the activity of the enzymes invertase and cellulase for two cultivars of date palm, Al-Shwethi and Al-Sayer, and for the two stages of Al-Khalal and Al-Rutab, as potassium was sprayed at concentrations of (0 and 2 and 4) ml L-1 and trace elements with concentrations of (0, 1 and 2) ml L-1 10 trees were selected from date palms 5 trees from Al-Shwethi cultivar and (5 trees) from Al-Sayer cultivar, The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect of spraying the fruits with potassium, and the concentration exceeded 4 ml L-1, and the highest rates of the activity of the invertase and cellulase enzymes for the Khalal stage were 38.61 and 30.90 units gm-1 min-1 respectively, and the concentration of microelements was achieved 2 ml L-1had the highest rates and a significant difference for the effectiveness of the invertase and cellulase enzymes for the interstitial stage, which amounted to 38.16 and 30.77 units gm-1 min-1, respectively. The highest rate of activity of the invertase enzyme was 39.04 and 22.00 gm-1 min-1 units, and the cellulase enzyme had rates of 33.50 and 17.73 gm-1 min-1 units for the wet and wet phases, respectively. All the double and triple interactions between the study factors had an impact Significantly increased the activity of the enzymes invertase and cellulase for both the interstitial and wet phases.