The Effect of Irrigation Water Salinity, Organic Matter, and Zinc Nano-Fertilizer on the Productivity of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Abstract

Abstract In accordance with the randomized full block design, In the Al-Mahaweel district, Al-Imam hand, and Al-Birawi region, a field experiment was conducted in a soil with a texture of silty clay loam categorized as the primary typic torrifluvent group (RCBD), Examining the effects of irrigation water quality, organic matter, the amount of zinc nano-fertilizer sprayed on the plant, and the interaction of the research components on sunflower crop production using a split plot experiment with three replications, Three separate factors were used in the experiment: irrigation with four various amounts of organic fertilizer (zero), 20 tons/ha of cow and sheep dung, and three different concentrations of zinc nanofertilizer (0, 1.5, and 3 g). Organic matter significantly improved the yield characteristics of sunflowers, such as disc diameter, number of seeds per disc, weight of 500 seeds, and overall yield, as compared to spraying with nano-Zinc. The three elements’ interplay significantly affected sunflower productivity. On March 5, 2022, the seeds were sown using cork dishes and a midwife-led method. The seeds were luleo varieties from a French breeder. The midwives were transferred to the permanent location after 30 days. The findings showed that increasing the salt content of the irrigation water significantly decreased the values of disc diameter, number of seeds per disc, weight of 500 seeds, and overall yield of sunflower plants.