Molecular Characterization and Allelopathic Potential of Radish Species on Wheat and Weed Species

Abstract

Abstract This study was conducted at Salahaddin University/ College of Agricultural Engineering Science, to inspect the allelopathic effects of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) on two wheat species and two endemic weed species. The study included two experiments, first one was bioassay experiment to estimate the aqueous extracts effect of three radish species (red, black and white) at five concentration levels (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%) on germination and seedling growth of bread wheat (Triticum aesitivum Var. Adana), hard wheat (Triticum durum Def. Var. Smito) and two endemic weed species wild oat (Avena fatua) and wild barely (Hordeum spontaneum). Results indicated that aqueous extracts of black radish possess more allelopathic potential compare to red and white radish, also, aqueous extracts significantly affected on all studied plant species at dissimilar ratio, while most effective concentration was (40%). Whereas the germination of all plant species totally inhibited at this concentration. The second experiment aimed to indicate the genetic relatedness (genetic diversity) among radish species by using Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) technique. The results indicate that the genetic distance among the three studied radish species ranged from 17.33 to 37.6. The lowest genetic distance was recorded between black and red that was 17.33 and the highest genetic distance recorded between black, red with white was 37.6 and white radish with each of black and red radish were 65.067. the results suggested that radish species have different allelopathic potential and genetic variance exist among them.