Abstract
Abstract
Although, the pharmaceutical industries have contributed to improve the quality of human lifestyle. However, due to the extensive growth in living standards of modern society is one of the reasons that reinforce to millions of peoples to follow unhealthy lifestyle that leads to several health issues (like mental illness, disability and several metabolic problems etc.) it reinforces the over-dependency on pharmaceutical drugs. Among various pharmaceuticals, the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have consumed significantly for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The drug Imipramine (IMP) is one of the potential candidates among these TCAs, which is frequently used drug across the globe. That is why these TCAs are frequently detected pharmaceuticals in environment and negatively affect living organism. The levels of contamination of these TCAs in the environment have increased due to COVID-19 pandemic which consequently increased psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression in a significant population. The Imipramine contamination has harmful impact on human such as hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, convulsions and hypothermia. The present study witnessed an effective removal of the Imipramine contamination from aqueous effluent using Xanthium Strumarium based low cost bio-adsorbent. The thermal activation was done to produce powdered bioadsorbent (XPT1) for Imipramine removal from its aqueous phase. The batch experiments were performed to access adsorption parameters like contact time (2 hours), maximum adsorption capacity (3.74 mg/g), optimum pH (less than 5 and more than 9) and adsorption capacity dependence on concentration and temperature of produced bioadsorbents. The fixed-bed column experiment was carried out to attain saturation time (626 minutes), adsorption capacity (64.9 mg.g−1) with 90.08 % of total removal percent of Imipramine. The adsorption isotherm data were best fitted to Freundlich model at low temperature 303 K, while at higher temperature the Imipramine adsorption is well fitted with both Langmuir and Freundlich models.