Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Evaluation of Their Effect Against some Virulence Factors of Opportunistic Systemic Mycoses Fungi

Abstract

Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate in vitro the antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles made from Glycyrrhiza glabra roots against a few opportunistic systemic mycoses fungi by 15 isolates total 11 isolates of Candida spp. and 4 isolates of Cryptococcus spp. were used for the analysis of AgNPs using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1]-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) test was used to determine the impact of Glycyrrhiza glabra AgNPs roots at sub-MIC on the viability of fungal isolates, In all fungal isolates, the viability was reduced at varying sub-MIC AgNPs concentrations and pH values, the extracellular phospholipase synthesis was measured using the egg yolk agar plate method, and the Pz value was determined by measuring the diameter of the colonies and the diameter of the preceptation zone surrounding the colony, the statistical analysis results showed significant (p≤0.05) differences between treatment and control of all isolates, the findings demonstrated that of the fifteen fungal isolates in pH5, none of them produced an enzyme called phospholipase; three isolates in pH7 did not produce an enzyme called phospholipase; eleven isolates had weak phospholipase activity, and the phospholipase activity of one isolate was modest.; and eleven isolates in pH9 had both weak and moderate phospholipase activity.