A study of the Chemical Composition, Vitamins and Minerals of Four Varieties of Raisins

Abstract

Abstract This study aimed to use four varieties of raisins (Iraqi, Turkish, Indian, and American). The chemical analysis showed that the American variety had a higher percentage of moisture and protein than the other two (26.30 and 16.68 percent, respectively), while the Indian variety had a higher percentage of ash and fiber (2.1 and 4.6 percent, respectively). The Turkish variety stood out for its higher fat content (1.2 percent), and the Iraqi variety had a higher carbohydrate content (67.86 percent). As for estimating the percentage of total vitamins (vitamin C and water-soluble vitamins group B), the results of estimating vitamin C in raisins showed the following results for the four varieties (2.99 mg / 100 g; 5.48 mg / 100 g; 7.60 mg / 100 g; 7.15 mg / 100 g), respectively, and the values of vitamin B group (B1 -- B2 - B3) in the four types of raisins, which were estimated using the HPLC device. 0.47 mg/100 g and 0.42 mg/100 g, respectively. The results of estimating the mineral elements (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe) in the four raisin varieties showed that the potassium element K was recorded at the level of Potential 5% high ratios compared to the rest of the other elements, where the highest value was recorded for the Turkish variety (235 mg per 100 g) and the lowest value for the Iraqi variety (218 mg per 100 g). It was the highest value in the American variety and the lowest value in the Iraqi variety. As for calcium Ca, we note that it had the highest value in the American variety (46.02 mg per 100 g) and the lowest value in the Iraqi variety (39.05 mg per 100 g). While we find that the Iraqi and Turkish varieties recorded consecutive values for the Iraqi Mg element (19.05 mg/100 g), the Turkish (20.04 mg/100 g), as well as the Indian (22.09 mg/100 g), and the American (23.06 mg/100 g), As for the copper element Cu, we find that its value for the American variety (2.25 mg/100 g) recorded the highest values, and the Iraqi variety (1.22 mg/100 g) recorded the lowest values. As for the element manganese, Mn, it recorded low percentages in all varieties compared to the rest of the other elements. And for the iron element Fe, we note that the Indian variety (2.72 mg/100 g) has outperformed the other three varieties. As for the element Zn, we find its value in the Iraqi, Turkish, Indian, and American varieties. Significant differences were recorded between the varieties, as the highest value was recorded for the American variety (2.42 mg/100 g) and the lowest value for the Iraqi variety (1.17 mg/100 g).