The Toxicity and Repellent Activities of some Commercial Products Against Apricot Aphids, Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy)

Abstract

Abstract The present study was carried out in 2023 at the Directorate of Diyala Agriculture’s plant pathology laboratory to assess the commercial products, which included spinosad, nimbecidine, oxymatrine, and the bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in addition to alphacypermethrin pesticide with three concentrations of 10, 20, and 30% against adults of Hyalopterus pruni under controlled conditions. Two tests were performed, one to evaluate the expulsion rate and another to evaluate the mortality rate. Oxymatrine recorded the highest increase in the repellency percentages of adults at 82.2% and 91.1% after 5 and 15 minutes, respectively, and the bacteria recorded 97.7% after 10 minutes, whereas spinosad 20% recorded the highest repellency at 93.3% after 5 minutes, the bacteria 20% and 30% recorded 100.0% after 10 minutes, and the bacteria 30% recorded 93.3% after 15 minutes. Oxymatrine recorded higher percentages of mortality (82.2% after 24 hours) and spinosad recorded 55.5% after 48 hours, whereas oxymatrine 20% and spinosad 30% recorded the highest mortality of 90.0% and 73.3% after 24 and 48 hours, respectively.