A study of Physicochemical Parameters, Heavy Metals and in the Euphrates River, Between the cities of Hit and Ramadi in Anbar Governorate

Abstract

Abstract The research included a study of potential environmental pollution in the water of the Euphrates River between the cities of Hit and Ramadi as a result of various human activities. Samples of the river’s water were taken in different areas, namely Hit, Al-Muhammadi, Al-Zawiya, Tal Aswad, and then Ramadi, from November 2022 to November 2023 from In order to study the extent to which the physical and chemical characteristics of the water in the Euphrates River vary depending on place and time in the research areas. The Euphrates River, which serves as a source of water for agriculture, domestic and industrial uses, suffers from massive pollution as a result of industrial activities and other human sources of pollution. For many individuals, the persistence and toxicity of heavy metals is a serious problem. Most of these heavy metals collect in wastewater from effluents discharged by various industries. The physical and chemical properties of the samples were studied, such as air and water temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved oxygen requirement, TDS, pH, turbidity, and electrical conductivity. The study showed that the concentrations of Ca, Cl and Mg ions do not contradict Iraqi and international standards, and that the physical properties studied were within permissible limits, in some areas, and these levels are considered a deterioration. It threatens the quality of water and the balance of the aquatic ecosystem, which poses an unknown threat to biological species, human and animal use, and even for irrigation and production purposes. The concentrations of heavy elements in the study were less than the permissible limits, including (Cd- Zn - Cu - pb- Cr). This means that the degree of pollution in the water of the studied stations is not contaminated with these elements.