Effect of Tillage Depths and Addition of Organic Acids on some Physical Properties and Yield of Wheat (Triticum eastvum L.)

Abstract

Abstract The experiment was carried out in the field at the first research station (Al Bandar) affiliated to the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Muthanna, 5 km from the center of the city of Samawah during the agricultural season 2021-2022 in order to study the effect of plowing depth and the addition of organic acid based on the physical properties in soil and wheat yield (Triticum eastvum L.) The experiment was designed as a factorial on the basis of a split plot design and in (R.C.B.D) design. The experiment included two factors. The first factor was the plowing depths that included three levels of plowing depths (8, 16 and 24) cm and symbolized by (D1, D2, and D3) respectively. The second was the addition of humic and fulvic organic acids, which included five levels (0, 10, 20, 30, 40) liters H-1 and symbolized by H0, H1, H2, H3, and H4 in sequence, subsequently the land was divided into experimental units, and 45 experimental units contained three Sectors, which included the area of one experimental unit (2×2) m2. 8 lines, each 2 m in length, were spaced 20 cm apart to make up the experimental unit, the distance between 75 cm was left between one repeater and another. Then the harvest stage was on 22/4/2022, and the yield was measured The moisture content, apparent and real density, porosity, and grain yield, and the results showed the following: the addition of organic acids at a level of 40 liters of H-1 (H4) affected the reduction of the bulk density (1.277) g.cm-3 and increased the soil moisture (40.56%) and the porosity (51.25%) while it exceeded the level of 30 liters H-1 (H3). ) in the grain yield amounted to (5,489) mcg ha-1. The depth of plowing affected, as the depth D1 exceeded (8) cm in reducing the bulk density (1.276) and the porosity increased (51.21)%, while the depth D3 (24) cm exceeded in the moisture content (36.87), while the depth of (16) cm exceeded D2 in The grain yield reached (5.571) mcg ha-1 The interactions between the added organic fertilizers H3 and the depth of tillage D2 significantly affected the increase in grain yield, which amounted to 5.519 mcg ha-1.