Induction and multiplication of callus of AS2K clones Coffea arabica L. through 2,4-D and BAP combination

Abstract

Abstract Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) has dominated international trade with more than 70% of global coffee production because of it’s taste was more preferred than the other types of coffee. The AS2K clone of C. arabica is a superior clone with high productivity, resistance to pests and diseases, and has a good taste. To maintain these characters, the appropriate propagation is by vegetatively. The aim of this research was to induce callus formation from C. arabica leaves, and to multiplicate the callus on twelve (12) combinations of 2,4-D and BAP as an effort to develop a method for propagating Arabica coffee. Callus induction was conducted on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2,4-D 2 mg/L combined with BAP 1 mg/l, and then the multiplication of these callus on MS medium with 12 combinations of 2,4-D (2, 3, or 4 mg/L) and BAP (0, 0.25, or 1 mg/L). The research design used a completely randomized design with 3 replications, and each replication contained 5 callus pieces. The results showed that the combination of 2 ppm 2,4-D and 1 ppm BAP was able to induce callus formation from leaf explants by 49% at week 3 culture, yellowish white in color and friable in texture. Combination of 2,4-D 3 mg/L and BAP 0.5 mg/L provide the best result for callus multiplication.