Physical vulnerability analysis of cultural heritage for strong winds in the city of yogyakarta, indonesia

Abstract

Abstract This study aimed to analyse which variable (s) had the most contribution to the vulnerability of strong winds in Yogyakarta. Strong winds are the second-largest disaster in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The city has at least five cultural heritage regions, including Kotabaru, Kotagede, Malioboro, Pakualaman, and Kraton. It employed Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) to process 11 variables, i.e. age, height, and physical condition of the building, landmark, spatial design/architectural style, roads, regional effect, shape of the region, building density, also built-up land patterns. These ten variables processed by scoring and cluster sampling Meanwhile, the remaining variable, hazard, analysed using scoring. The results were two types of vulnerability scenarios. (1) The Equal Vulnerability Scenario (2) The Vulnerability Scenarios used research variables that were grouped into three levels of spatial patterns, namely, Spatial Pattern I (landmark, road, and the physical condition of the building), Spatial Pattern II (regional effect, building density, and hazard), and Spatial Pattern III (built-up land pattern, building age, building height, architectural style, and the shape of the region). All scenarios proved that CHR Kotagede was extremely vulnerable. This strong pattern determines hazard as the most contribution variable, since the similarities to Equal, Building Density, and Regional Effect.