Isolation and Identification of Edible Mushroom Pleurotus spp. and Evaluate its Efficiency in the Production of Pleuran

Abstract

Abstract Three oyster mushroom isolates coded Has. AA-1, Has. AA-2 and Has. AA-3 were isolate from apple, buckthorn and eucalyptus trees, respectively. These isolates were identified to the species level using the nucleotide sequence analysis for 5.8S rRNA as Pleurotus pulmonarius, Pleurotus ostreatus var. ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii var. eryngii and registered in the world Gene Bank at the NCBI website with accession numbers ON834486.1, ON834487.1 and ON834484.1, respectively. Pleurotus spp. cultivated in some agricultural residues for production of fruit bodies and pleuran. The results showed that the P.ostreatus var ostreatus cultivated in corn cobs and supplemented with wheat bran (5%) achieved the highest biological efficiency reached 122.21%, followed by 118.51% when cultivated in (barley straw + rice husks) with same supplement. The purity of pleuran purified from Pleurotus spp. was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which showed a concentration of 7.28 μg/mL. The highest Pleuran contents were 41.08 and 39.68 g/100 g dry fruit body of P. eryngii var. eryngii when cultivated in the (barley straw + rice husk) and corn cobs medium supplemented with 5% of crushed sunflower seeds.