Environmental sustainability assessment of excavation, construction, and demolition waste conditions and practices across Greece and Cyprus

Abstract

Abstract The construction industry led by the real estate sector plays a significant role in the environmental performance. Excavation, construction, and demolition waste are important waste generators in Europe. Many of the materials are recyclable or reusable, however rates of reuse and recycling vary greatly across Europe. The objective of this preliminary research is to analyse the excavation, construction, and demolition waste conditions that have prevailed in recent years throughout Europe, with a focus on Greece and Cyprus, considering the scarce coverage of this specific subject matter. The study outlines the excavation, construction, and demolition waste management principles and trends, as well as the methods for prevention, reduction, reuse, and recycling. Findings suggest a) an increase of the excavation, construction, and demolition waste, in connection with the construction industry growth, b) uncontrolled disposal is a common practice, which, however, severely pollutes the environment, and c) policymakers advocate for circular economy integration strategies. The current analysis argues that the answer to the efficient management of excavation, construction, and demolition waste involves prevention policies development, long-term strategic planning across all levels, as well as treatment, reuse, and recycling in waste management establishments using vertically integrated operations.