Improving early warning methods for thunderstorm processes through the integrated use of active and passive radar techniques

Abstract

Abstract The article examines the methodical aspects of the integrated use of passive and active radar to improve early warning methods for the development of powerful convective clouds and thunderstorm processes. Some results of complex experimental studies of the atmosphere and convective clouds in the Leningrad region are presented with the use of meteorological radar and ground-based microwave radiometers. Particular attention is paid to the use of microwave radiometry to separate the content of vapor moisture in the atmosphere and liquid water in the clouds, as well as the use of a comprehensive method of passive-active radar to determine the super cool water of powerful convective clouds. Prospects for improving technologies for predicting weather hazards associated with clouds and precipitation are connected with the use of a complex of radiophysical means of the Geophysical Observatory of the Mozhaisky Military Space Academy.