Optimalisation of in vitro sterilisation methods for North Sumatra local garlic (Allium Sativum L.)

Abstract

Abstract The establishment stage is critical to the success of plant tissue culture. Each plant tissue has unique tissue surface characteristics that interact with various natural microbes. The goal of this study was to find a sterilisation method that is effective at removing contamination while not damaging or inhibiting explant regeneration. In this study, Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with 2 factors was used. The first factor was the disinfectant, namely T1 (Benzalkonium chloride 0.5%), T2 (Nordox 6 g/L 0.6%), and T3 (Clorox 10%). The second factor is the type of media, consisting of M1 (BDS supplemented with 1.8 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin), M2 (BDS supplemented with 9 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin), M3 (MS supplemented with 9 μM/L 2,4-D and 4.6 μM/L Kinetin), and M4 (MS media supplemented with 1.3 μM/L 2,4-D and 9.2 μM/L Kinetin. The observed parameters were the percentage of contamination, the survival rate, the type of contamination, the percentage of callus growing, weight and diameter. The T2 treatment was the most effective in reducing contamination and had the highest survival rate. T3 treatment resulted in the highest callus regeneration percentage, callus weight, and callus diameter, but also the highest level of contamination.