Author:
Al-Jumaily Abdulsalam Rajab Ahmed,Al-Aaty Yaser Hasan Saleh,Al-Zubaidy Khalid M. D.,Naeef Anas J.,Saleem Farhan Raheem
Abstract
Abstract
The study was carried out with the aim of testing the environmental genetic interaction of bread wheat traits: plant height, number of leaves/plant, number of tillers/plant, number of spikes/m2, 1000 grains weight, number of grains/spike and grain yield and estimating the broad sense heritability and stability parameters of the varieties Dijla, IPA99, Chad, Gihan, Buro and Bohuth22, which were grown under irrigated conditions at the Horticultural Research Station in Hawija during the agricultural season 2019-2020 and in six environments resulting from combinations of two levels of fogging with seaweed extract Alga-600 (fogging and non-fogging) and three levels of compound fertilizers (Yara 160 kg/ha, Yara 240 kg/ha, and DAP 320 kg/ha) using split-split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The analysis of variance for genetic-environmental interaction showed that the mean square of each of the varieties and environments was highly significant for all traits except the number of leaves/plant in case of environments, and the interaction of varieties x environments was highly significant for the traits of number of tillers/plant, 1000 grains weight, number of grains per spike, and grain yield. The broad sense heritability ranged between 20.7% for number of leaves/plant and 84.4% for grain yield, as it was high for the traits of plant height, number of grains/spike, and grain yield, moderate for number of tillers/plant, and low for the other traits. The results of the stability parameters showed that the variety Chad was characterized by high stability for most traits, except 1000 grains weight and grain yield, to which it appeared to respond only in good environments, followed by the variety Bohuth22, which showed stability for four traits (number of leaves per plant, number of tillers per plant, 1000 grains weight and grain yield), then the two varieties Dijla and Buro, each of which has high stability for four traits that do not include the grain yield.
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