Improving the Efficiency of Forestry Measures for Carbon Storage by Reclamation and Phytomelioration of Lands Technogenically Contaminated with Toxic Tailing Wastes

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the results of multi-year research on technogenic pollution of biosphere components with wastes of cassiterite-sulfide formation processing. The areas of mainly Far Eastern taiga and Priamurye-Primorye coniferous-broad-leaved forest in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) of Russia have been withdrawn from the forest land fund for their development. As a result, large amounts of mining waste have been accumulated, with negative impact on forest ecosystems. In this regard, the aim of the study was to substantiate forestry measures for improving their efficiency by reclamation and phytomelioration of technogenically contaminated lands with toxic mineral processing waste to accumulate carbon stock. The analysis and systematization of the literature and patent search materials testify that the article is devoted to the actual problem of carbon stock accumulation within the impact boundaries of the technogenic system by reclamation and phytomelioration. These problemsr in the conditions of mining enterprises of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia are poorly studied. It is shown that the mineral development by the mining enterprises closed in the last century led to the large-scale destruction of forest communities. Methods of reproduction of productivity of technogenic polluted lands using bioremediation which novelty was confirmed by Patents of the Russian Federation are developed. By means of their reclamation and phytomelioration an increase in forestry measures and accumulation of carbon stocks in the reclaimed lands was achieved by more than 2.5 times in comparison with the nonreclaimed lands.