Dynamics of the main climatic indicators in the Trans-Ural steppe

Abstract

Abstract The paper deals with the impact of climate change on the environment and natural processes in the Trans-Ural steppe zone within the Republic of Bashkortostan. Grade changes in climatic conditions were based on climatology in the traditional trend-analysis of fixed temperature and humidity parameters, application parameters hydrothermal: moisturizing factor GN Vysotsky-N.N. Ivanov, atmospheric moisture index (or dryness index) D.A. Pedia for the period from 1966 to 2015. Long-term observations of the network of meteorological stations were used as data for the analysis. Trends in the increase in air temperature with a slight decrease in the amount of atmospheric precipitation were found. A comprehensive analysis of indicators of heat supply and moisture supply indicates an increase in climate aridity, especially in summer; in winter, the severity of the climate decreases. The revealed tendencies of the main climatic indicators will influence the nature of natural processes in the steppe zone of the Bashkir Trans-Urals. In particular, examples of the influence of changes in climatic conditions on soil erosion processes are considered. It was found that climate changes and the existing system of farming in the steppe zone of the Trans-Urals lead to a decrease in soil resistance to air and water erosion.